n.精神生物学；生物心理学派
"Human laughter has robust roots in our animalian past," said Jaak Panksepp, a professor of psychobiology at Bowling Green State University in Ohio. 而最新的研究结果则显示，笑的“循环线路”存在于人类大脑非常古老的区域中。
"Human laughter has roots in our animalian past," said Jaak Panksepp, a professor of psychobiology at Bowling Green State University in Ohio. 潘克塞普曾对老鼠进行了相关研究，他发现，当老鼠“玩耍”的时候，他们经常发出一种唧唧喳喳很尖的声音，而这则是笑的一种原始形态。
Psychology is of interest to everyone, this course is dedicated to helping students understand psychology and psychobiology to the new life. 心理学对于每个人都有密切的关联，本课程希望能帮助学生暸解心理与生理以迎接新的人生。
Human laughter has robust roots in our animalian past, said Jaak Panksepp, a professor of psychobiology at Bowling Green State University in Ohio. 研究结果同时表明，笑和喜悦并不只是人类所特有的，早在人类会笑之前，其它一些动物就已经拥有原始形态的笑声了。
It’s well known that chimpanzees and humans share a common neurobiology, but a study published in a psychiatric journal shows that we also share a similar psychobiology. 众所周知，黑猩猩和人类有着同样的神经系统，但在某份精神病学刊物上刊登的一项调查显示，黑猩猩和我们还有着相同的心理特征。
