01
a slip of the tongue
口误
slip
slip的意思是“滑”，通常就是指 脚滑，滑倒之类的，而当它搭配其他词语，也可以表示某个东西偏离了正确的位置，造成了某种错误，就如a slip of the tongue，就可以理解为舌头打滑，舌头没有在它本该在的位置而导致了说话说错了。这个短语的英文解释为
a mistake made when what someone says is different from what was meant
指一种所说的与本意不一致的错误
例：
I called her new boyfriend by her previous boyfriend's name - it was just a slip of the tongue.
我叫她的新男友时喊成了她前任男友的名字——那只是一个口误。
类似的还有表达
a slip of the pen 笔误

02
stumble
泛指一类错误，不一定只是“口误”，也有可能是演奏过程中不小心出现的错误。
to make a mistake, such as repeating something or pausing for too long, while speaking or playing a piece of music
在讲话或演奏音乐时犯错误，如重复某事或停顿太久;
犯错;磕磕巴巴地说，支吾;不顺畅地演奏
例：
When the poet stumbled over a line in the middle of a poem, someone in the audience corrected him.
诗人在朗诵一首诗的过程中念错了一句，听众中有人纠正了他。
还有一个比较专业的术语
表示不小心把正确的词说成了发音相似的另一个词的现象

03
malapropism
the wrong use of one word instead of another word because they sound similar to each other, with results that are unintentionally funny
错误地使用一个词代替另一个词，因为它们听起来彼此相似，结果无意中很有趣;近义词误用

04
misspeak
to say something that is not correct, by mistake
讲错话
misspeak和“口误”还不太一样，口误是知道正确的说法，也准备这么说，但是不小心说错了，而说错话则有可能是有意的说了某些话，但是这些话在当下并不是合适的。
例：
The Secretary denied lying, but said that he misspoke.
秘书不承认说谎，而是说自己说错了。